Courtesy of :
Prof. Liew Ah Choy, MIES
Dept of Electrical Engineering
National University of Singapore
Basically, a good earth is required in any system to ensure safety of operating & maintenance staff and users in the presence of dangerous voltages. The practice of keeping different or separate earths, in particular lightning system and communications earths is based principally on the assumption that earth potential rise on the afflicted earth termination due to a lightning discharge or short-circuit current due to line faults would not affect the neighbouring earth. In practice, however, this has many disadvantages.
- Resistance of the separate earth terminations will be greater than would be the case for them connected together.
- High currents can still flow to a foreign earth in the event of insulation failure of the power system. This will pose fire risk and danger to human life because a difference in potential might occur between parts connected to different earth electrodes.
- In practice, it is virtually impossible to ensure that the various earth electrodes are separated because of casual and uncontrolled connections & because of the connection through the mass of earth.
- To the extent that separation or decoupling of the earths is possible, potentials often dangerous, can occur between nearly “earthed” points.
- Problems of the electrolytic corrosion may occur with the earth currents flowing through metal structures.
The above problems may be reduced or even eliminated with a single or common earth system as all the points to be earthed are now kept at more or less the same potential.
to be continue…
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